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Hero's Journey
This text aims to verify whether "One Piece" is a mythological story and that based on the theory of monomyth Joseph Campbell.
This theory develops the idea that all myths that have sprung up around the world have a common basis and using the same patterns, and that whatever culture or time period. This theory thus establishes that there is a structure of stories "universal" with a capacity "umbrella" extremely strong.
The monomyth itself is composed of two aspects. On one side there is what Joseph Campbell called the "Hero's Journey" (model mythological tale) and the other the "cosmogonic cycle" (the model of creation and organization of the World). The "cosmogonic cycle" is an explanation of the patterns of world perspective Metaphysics.
The "Hero's Journey" offers a 12-step narrative whose universality is illuminated by psychoanalysis. All these steps are not mandatory but are found most often in large numbers.
In the following study we will try to highlight that "One Piece" follows the lines of "Hero's Journey" of monomyth, thus demonstrating that conceptually "One Piece" is a novel and therefore Mythological Universal.
01. The call of adventure
The future hero is introduced in his ordinary world and limited. It has little or no knowledge of the outside world. He receives a call that will push him to leave his world to fulfill a Quest.
Luffy, our hero, grew up and lived in a small isolated village situated on the sea the quietest and least dangerous of the world: East Blue. It is cut in a way the real world and does not know much about his organization and the forces that govern it.
The advent of the Pirate Shanks Le Roux on his island, and homely, is its "Call" to the adventure that is decided, it will be a pirate and travel the world to find out.
The formal object of his quest, become the Lord of the Pirates, appears after the "refusal" Shanks Le Roux to take in his crew.
02. The refusal of the appeal
The refusal of the call can come either heroes or the future of his family. This is the manifestation of the fear of the unknown and introversion.
The "refusal" of the call to adventure comes Shanks Le Roux himself, while he is causing "the Call". It takes as a result the young age of Luffy and the latter must wait to be an adult to answer the "Call". In short it is still too early for him to face the unknown.
The drama around the arm of Shanks's sacrifice to save a sea monster that will teach Luffy is still too young to face the sea alone.
Luffy 7 years old then wait 10 years before leaving.
03. Help Guide
The Guide is one that will bring out the future hero of his ordinary world and to discover the outside world. This guide is often a supernatural nature but it is not necessary. What is important is that the Guide is likely superior to all the inhabitants of the ordinary world of the future heroes and it also occupies a relatively important or special in the outside world.
The figure of the "Guide" in One Piece is obviously held by Shanks Le Roux and symbolized by its Straw Hat Luffy he gives. With this symbol that Luffy will go on an adventure and will be recognized at: meeting with Hawkeye, a 7 Corsairs, or with Silvers Rayleigh, the former second Gold Roger.
Indeed, as any "guide" Shanks le Roux is actually an important figure in the world, it is one of four former Pirates and Emperors foam crew of Gold Roger, the Pirate Lord. The revelations brought almost half adventure.
His relationship with Shanks Luffy therefore allows to obtain recognition specific mythological hero and provides an ideal framework for certain matches.
04. The passage of the first threshold
With the help of the Guide (which can be visible or invisible), the future hero undergoes one or several events that symbolize the transition from regular (interior) to the outside world. The future hero hero is not prohibited and must cross the threshold, despite his ignorance, innocence and inexperience.
The "Threshold" in One Piece is the gateway to the New World, Sea plying the largest and powerful hackers. It is the sea area where it is the Pirates Emperors who rule the Order and the Law. It is the world's "mature" of Piracy.
All the adventures of Luffy preceding this passage serve to prepare. Before this passage Luffy is still ignorant, innocent and inexperienced (even if it is less and less).
Also during this first period adventure Luffy is helping us out by figures of power and authority to compensate for the fact that it is not yet fully "Accomplished" as "Heroes" ( Silvers Rayleigh example, tied aid to the "Guide").
05. The belly of the whale (or cave)
He comes to beating the keeper of the threshold. It is often a place in the hands of a formidable force to be crossed. The cave can also be metaphorical as it is in fact a death (in darkness, in the ego) followed by a rebirth (light) that will see the future hero transformed into a hero and therefore ready to meet the challenges of the Quest. Often it is the key to this renaissance control real power of the hero or a new power.
The "Death" Luffy is the disappearance of its crew Sabaody (Gate of the New World). A Pirate is nothing without his companions and then Luffy the Pirate "die symbolically because it has no crew. Its rebirth as a Pirate when he will find his companions, when the crew will be reborn.
Bartholomew Kuma, one of the 7 Corsairs, responsible for the disappearance of the crew of Luffy done here is symbolic of Judge Manning: If the ambition of the Crew is true then it is reborn.
But this is not the only figure of the "cave" in this passage. Indeed during this test alone, Luffy will go to Impel Down, the largest prison Underwater World Government which includes all figures Hell, even in the name of its floors. Luffy will descend to the bottom and died there, or almost (fight against the Director Magellan). Then he will be reborn to life and ascend to the light of day with a new force: a temporary crew!
The question of power is also reflected in the "Haki" inner strength essential for the development of Luffy, whose discovery coincides with concrete and real that way.
06. The road tests
The hero undergoes a series of tests, with or without assistance, in order to overcome the ego and thus to achieve his quest. It is a crossing of darkness in search of himself.
This will obviously adventures in the New World, where the Quest for Luffy to become Lord of the Pirates take on its meaning. He will face his rivals to win the supreme title.
07. The meeting with the Goddess
The meeting with the Goddess is the manifestation of the Oedipus complex exists in everyone. The goddess can help the hero in his quest or simply appear at the end. Its position is variable but almost mandatory. It may be tempting but solace or in any case the hero has to triumph over it (to win his love and / or resist his charms) to prove himself worthy of the gift of love and life.
The "Goddess" is in all likelihood Boa Hancock, Queen of the Amazons and a member of the Order of the Corsairs. It is considered the most beautiful woman in the world and no man can resist her charms.
Luffy meeting during his ordeal of loneliness after the death of its crew. He resists his charms at the same time wins his love, all of the most innocent of all.
The "Goddess" and won is helping to Luffy in his solitude and test leads to the ordeal of death and rebirth in "Hell": Impel Down, the big prison.
08. The meeting Father
The figure of the Father is a reflection of the Ego and its double win is the ultimate test to complete his quest for self. The ultimate enemy is either a father (symbolic or not) is a double - what the point of view psychoanalysis is almost the same thing.
Oda introduced the two figures in his story: Dragon, Luffy's absent father, leader of a revolutionary army directly opposed to world government (where Luffy Pirate as opposed indirectly) and Blackbeard, the Pirate Luffy evolving in parallel and which contains the figure of two "wild" and "mature" Hero's (Blackbeard and his companions in the mirror of Luffy and his family).
While it is difficult at present to predict what kind of relationship will be the Dragon / Luffy later in the story, we can still observe that each addresses one of two Orders which govern the world, namely World Government and Piracy. If there is rivalry, it will certainly be around their role in the rebalancing of forces of Order.
As for Blackbeard there is little mystery: it is the rival "double" to the supreme Lord of the Pirates, who poses as the rival who will certainly be more difficult to overcome.
09. The ultimate gift
Hero After many trials, finally gets the object of his quest. That enlightenment and understanding of self and the world. Often the hero discovers that he was the object of his quest and even if it is a real power he gets, the hero realizes that it is the journey that is meaningful and truly not the destination.
This will undoubtedly discover the "One Piece".
10. The leak magic or obligation of return
Once completed the Quest, the Hero must return to the ordinary world. A few examples: the acquisition of the purpose of the Quest angered the world and the hero must escape or the hero finds himself in a charming place to stay but can not because in any case he must share the world the result of his Quest.
It was not until the end of the manga to see if this step will be present in the narrative.
11. The road back
The way back is the opportunity to travel the world in opposite directions to illustrate the fact that the hero is different from the go. It can meet old enemies who are now just witnessed his metamorphosis.
Again it was not until the end of the manga to see if this step will be present in the narrative but as Oda likes the return of old characters, it is likely that there will be something of this kind.
It must in any case that the status of Lord of the Pirates to be recognized with other pirates and the World Government so ...
12. The return to the ordinary world
The Hero is make the ordinary world of the outcome of his Quest. The hero is not always understood, but no matter because he killed his ego and understand the world in its entirety, the Heroes will play an important role in the world but that role may be invisible to the uninitiated.
If this step is developed it could take the form of travel Luffy through the other world's oceans, seas more common after all the adventures on Grandline and the New World. The Lord of the Pirates will travel the seas and playing its role as guarantor of the Order Pirate.
As a temporary conclusion we can say that for the time One Piece follows the model of "Hero's Journey" and the tale is indeed such "mythological".
We'll see if the further adventures of Luffy confirms this initial analysis.
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