They do. Like the racial issues between humans and mermans, or how Celestial Dragon's standing in the world doesn't make sense just because they have a lot of money and influence. Corrupted governance in Wano. This is a reach but I'm gonna include how they want to hide history by destroying Ohara and its people.
It's not really much because I know there are other series that can do another level of political and social commentary. I just posted this in comparison to the series with the same popularity (Naruto, Fairy Tail, Bleach)
One piece also tackles gender identity and expression which started with Bon Clay as a queer up until Kiku as a trans woman. There's a whole Impel Down 5.5 just to have a proper representation of queer people.