Well, Beethoven's Symphony no.5 is known as "Fate", and looking it up brings the German "Schicksalssymphonie", which fits the katakana IMO. I don't have enough familiarity with German to comment on the middle line, though I will say that katakana transliterations are often quite odd.
「ふ」しか共通点ないんじゃ。。。
I think this actually says: "aside from the fu, the words have nothing in common..."
According to this the "fu" in fushidara does come from usage as "not", although I suppose the entire adjective is not written with kanji because it originally comes from Sanskrit.
I'm not...