Luffy didn't use his speed effectively in the that brief fight because he attacked Jinbei head on in both instances in a very predictable manner. Jinbi saw Jet Stamp coming because luffy jumped up and stretched his legs, so all Jinbe had to do was simply raise his arms in time to block the technique. Afterward, Luffy just ran slowly (I say slowly because we've seen Luffy move much faster than what was displayed in that chapter, and Sanji had enough time to jump in between them plus Robin) straight at Jinbe with his fist raised. What do both instances have in common? Luffy's attacks were very predictable, and he did not use his superior speed to his advantage. I believe that notion is pretty much indisputable. In addition, you can't claim Jinbe wouldn't have some type of speed disadvantage, because Luffy didn't even bother using his quickness to gain the upper hand in his short brawl with Jinbe. Look at the chapter again and examine how Luffy proceeded to attack Jinbe in both instances. You should come to my conclusion. Anyway, that matter aside, Jinbe has not once shown any considerable feat during battle that would suggest he could move anywhere as fast as Luffy's top second gear speed. As a result, Jinbe would be at a considerable disadvantage if Luffy started blitzing him from different directions, instead of engaging him in a head on manner where Jinbe could easily read his attacks like he did in their short fight.
"Jinbe's thing"? Okay, explain to me which aspects make Jinbe superior to Luffy at the moment. Is it speed? Luffy's undoubtedly faster. Physical strength? Debatable. Intelligence? Debatable. Fighting instincts? Debatable. Endurance? Maybe Jinbe. Let's discuss everything.