I'm pretty sure when people talk about the Toriko push they mean stuff like that crossover with Dragon Ball and One Piece, not Color Pages. If anything, covers would probably be a more accurate measure of promotion since they're harder to get.
Basically everything that shows some potential gets pushed, but not all pushes are equal. For example, there was a point where they were hyping Black Cover and MHA as the next Naruto and Bleach. That's quite the huge push. But with Toriko, they were putting it alongside OP and DB, literally the two most succesful manga of all time. That was the bar they set for it.
Can't fully agree with this. Most of the time people talk about "Jump pushing Toriko", DBxOPxToriko was anime only and by Toei, not Jump. There were quite obvious reason as to why that was possible and why for example Toriko x HxH anime crossover is not possible.
So for Jump to push something, it's either by color pages, covers, various promotions with other things (crossovers between manga, famous people, etc). What did Jump do? They did the OPxToriko oneshot, got some OPxToriko cover promotions, received some covers and CPs. But overall those CP and Covers are not much more (even less) than other series received. So you can't complain Jump did more for Toriko in the magazine, than for other series. When a series can take the place of some big series or feel similar to other, it's only obvious they will put it together to promote it. As you mentioned MHA and BC. But MHA and BC, got more CPs than Toriko did, so they were promoted more in that aspect than Toriko. I mentioned other series that were also more promoted with CPs than Toriko.
You try to deny CPs are promotion thing, but thats one of the main ways they promote. Sure Cover is also another way, but you saying that number of covers is more accurate... sorry but no. Imagine a series gets 20 CP in a year and 2 covers, while another had 5 covers and 3 CPs, by your saying 2nd one was more promoted. Yeah, no. Or that new series get cover and CP, ends that year with 1C & 2CP, but another longer series had 9CPs and 1C same year, so they were promoted the same amount? Well, no.
Technically, there are 4 fully shared covers each year, so each series is promoted with OP -> that's big as you mentioned. What about the time we got a cover with Luffy, Goku, Izuku, Naruto, Asta & Hiei. Doesn't that mean MHA & BC got promoted heavily with OP, DB, YuYu & Naruto?
Also there were plenty of crossovers in Jump:
- OP x DB
- Haikyu x Nisekoi
- Nisekoi x Ore Monogatari
- Hinomaru Zumo x Kuroko no Basket
- Sket Dance x Gintama
- Yuragi x We Never Learn
- Shokugeki no Soma x One Piece (kek, Shokugeki has like ~12 CPs per year for like 5 years in a row, more than Toriko ever had for 1 year, also put along OP -> super push).
And there are other kinds of promotions:
- Hinomaru and sumo federation
- OP x Naruto
- MHA x BC
- MHA x Jujutsu
- Chainsaw x Jigokuraku
- Anniversary tributes for series like OP, Naruto, Bleach, To Love Ru, etc
- Author recommendations on covers of new volumes
- Kochikame had tribute in each chapter in one issue
- Posters and Bangaihen in Jump GIGA and series like Haikyu, BC, MHA, Shokugeki, Gintama, Kimetsu, often were on the Covers of GIGA
- Kimetsu gaidens in GIGA (about Inosuke and Kanao) and in Jump for Tomioka Giyu
- Ishida of Tokyo Ghoul doing Hisoka oneshot
- Full Color chapters for Nisekoi, Kuroko and some other series (that's also a huge promotion). And Yuragi and Kimetsu are getting digital colors in the digital version of Jump.
etc
Those are also great promotions. And given that some series constantly gets CPs in Jump, you can't really ignore and say they are less promoted.
Also about those Covers. They are usually limited number, so it's rare that a series to get more than 5 a year. And usually mostly OP and Naruto are going above 5. In one year Toriko did had 6, but 3 of them were shared with other series (OP, Beelzebub) and in another year had 5. But other series in a year: AssClass had 4, Gintama 4, Bleach 4, Bakuman 5, Haikyu 5, MHA 4, Shokugeki 4, BC 4, Neverland 5 - and some of those series had them more than one time. So you can't really judge only by the number of covers. Also add that those same series also are getting the GIGA covers.
Bottom line: Jump will promote a series as much as it can, anyway possible. But variety of series received different kind of big promotions, but it's always funny how people mostly remember or choose to remember Toriko with OP & DB by Toei (mainly because that's the only animated one). There isn't much of a logic to promote Yuragi with OP for example.