Alright here is my somewhat definite version of each commandment and their corresponding decrees:
1-Faith: Mera's commandment. It's supposed to be "Thou shall have no other Gods before me".Only found in the Christian version.
2-Love: Estarossa's decree. For the Christian commandments, it's derived from the Great commandment "Love thy neighbor as yourself" which is actually related to "Thou shall not bear false witness against thy neighbor". But the most logical and perfect source of inspiration comes from the Buddhist commandment "Thou art well advised not to harbor ill-will". Those who harbor ill-will break his decree, you can't be more literal than that.
3-Piety: Zel's decree.This commandment is only found in the Christian version.It's "Thou shall honor your parents". The demon king is Zeldris' parent.His commandment in general is about reverence, and of course filial piety is part of it.
4-Pacifism:Gray Lord's decree. It's present in both the Christian and Buddhist commandments. The Christian commandment is "Thou shall not kill" and the Buddhist one is "Thou art well advised not to take the lives of living beings."
5-Reticence: Monspiet's decree. It can only be "Thou shall not take the name of the Lord in vain" for the Christian commandment and the "Thou art well advised not to speak harshly/divisively/frivolously. Basically anything that has to do with talking.
6-Purity: Derri's decree. It's "Thou shall not commit adultery" for the Christian one, and "Thou art well advised not to engage in sexual misconduct" for the Buddhist one.Pretty self explanatory.
7-Truth:Galan's decree. It's "Thou shall not bear false witness against thy neighboor" since false witness=lying. This is for the Christian one, for the Buddhist one it's "Thou art well advised not to commit perjury".
In law especially, perjury is when someone is a witness and he lies at the bar, that's when he commits perjury.
8-Selflessness: Fraudrin/Gowther's decree.It's "Thou shall not covet" for both the Christian and Buddhist commandment.Coveting is lusting over something, or someone.That is the direct opposite of what is to be selfless, as in not coveting or wanting anything for yourself.
9-Repose: Gloxinia's decree. It's "Remember the Sabbath day to keep it holy" for the Christian.I can't find an equivalent in the Buddhist ones atm.
10-Patience: Dolor's decree.As crazy as it sounds, this is imo the "Thou shall not steal" commandment. Let me explain why.
When you're impatient,and want something to be done quickly, or just want something now, you might be tempted to "steal" it. And that is what being impatient is all about.For example, instead of reading a whole book for your assignment in literature, you might be tempted to look for a summary online, or even look for someone else's summary and use it as your own(or just get some ideas out of it). And that is pretty much stealing.
Thieves for the most part are people who don't want to go through the trouble of earning the money and means to get something, and instead are being impatient and resort to thievery to get what they want.
So that is why Dolor's decree imo is "Thou shall not steal".
Of course we'd have to know how those decrees work, that could be another hint as to which one they're supposed to represent, like with Estarossa's decree.